A Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (FIBC), commonly referred to as a bulk bag, big bag, or super sack, is a large industrial container constructed from flexible woven polypropylene fabric, designed for the efficient storage and transportation of dry bulk materials in powder, granular, flake, or paste form without requiring additional packaging, and typically lifted using integral top loops or straps when filled beyond manual handling capacity.[1]

FIBCs originated in the late 1950s and early 1960s, with early developments occurring independently in the United States, Europe, and Japan, where initial designs utilized heavy-duty PVC-coated nylon or polyester fabrics with welded construction and integrated lifting mechanisms.[1] Over time, they have evolved into a standardized packaging solution governed by international regulations, particularly for non-dangerous goods under ISO 21898:2024, which specifies requirements for their design, testing, and performance, including safe working loads with safety factors of 5:1, 6:1, or 8:1 to ensure structural integrity during handling.[2][3]